DW English World 6d ago Original

Itävaltalainen oikeus tuomitsi kaksi miestä.

An Austrian court convicted two men.

Finnish · A1 level

Simple Finnish

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1.

He olivat entisiä Syyrian virkamiehiä.

They were former Syrian officials.
2.

Tuomio tuli kidutuksesta.

The verdict was for torture.
3.

Toinen oli kenraali nimeltään Khaled al-Halabi.

One was a general named Khaled al-Halabi.
4.

Toinen oli poliisi Musab Abu Rukbah.

The other was a police officer named Musab Abu Rukbah.
5.

He kiduttivat ihmisiä vuosina 2011–2013.

They tortured people between 2011 and 2013.
6.

Uhrit kertoivat pahoinpitelyistä ja sähköshokeista.

Victims described beatings and electric shocks.
7.

Miehet asuivat Itävallassa pakolaisina.

The men lived in Austria as refugees.
8.

Tuomio voidaan valittaa.

The verdict can be appealed.

Key Words

Word	English	Form
tuomita tuomitsi	to convict convicted	past tense (imperfect)
kiduttaa kiduttivat	to torture tortured	past tense (imperfect), plural
kertoa kertoivat	to tell/describe described	past tense (imperfect), plural
pakolainen pakolaisina	refugee as refugees	essive case (plural)
tuomio tuomio	verdict/sentence verdict	nominative singular
valittaa voidaan valittaa	to appeal can be appealed	passive present potential

0. Itävaltalainen oikeus tuomitsi kaksi miestä.

This sentence uses the past tense (imperfect) of the verb 'tuomita' (to convict), which is 'tuomitsi'. In Finnish, the past tense is often used to describe completed actions in the past. The subject (Itävaltalainen oikeus) is in the nominative case, and the object (kaksi miestä) is in the partitive case because it is a countable noun in a completed action. Learners can practice this by forming simple past tense sentences like 'Hän söi omenan' (He ate an apple).

1. He olivat entisiä Syyrian virkamiehiä.

This sentence uses the past tense of the verb 'olla' (to be), which is 'olivat' (they were). The noun 'virkamiehet' (officials) is in the partitive plural form 'virkamiehiä' because it follows the adjective 'entisiä' (former), which requires the partitive case. This structure is common when describing someone's past role or status. Learners can use this pattern to describe past states, e.g., 'Hän oli opettaja' (He was a teacher).

7. Miehet asuivat Itävallassa pakolaisina.

This sentence uses the essive case ('pakolaisina') to describe the role or status of the men as refugees. The essive case is used to indicate a temporary state or role, often translated as 'as' in English. The verb 'asua' (to live) is in the past tense ('asuivat'). Learners can practice this by describing temporary roles, e.g., 'Hän työskenteli opettajana' (He worked as a teacher).